Chinampa! チナンパ！

There is nothing like jumping into a cool marsh on a sunny day after sitting for 2 weeks getting your brain stuff with an abundance of information. This is the annual chinampa fest during the Permaculture Design Course where we all become chinamperos and create regenerative islands that explode with biological activity. When I was younger, I used to dream of creating my own island and building a home on it. And now here I am on a permaculture paradise where we continuously build new islands of abundance.

夏の素敵な日に受講から休んで沼に飛び込むチャンスがやっと現れました。毎年恒例のチナンパ作り！二週間も座り続けてきた受講者達にとっては、心身を爽快させる最高のイベントです。子供の頃は島を作るのが夢でしたが、このパーマカルチャー・パラダイスでその夢が叶いました。
So, whats a chinampa?
Lets start with a quote from Toby Hemenway's book, Gaia's Garden: "The [Bullocks] brothers build garden beds that extended into the marsh, copying an idea from the ancient Aztecs. They had created peninsulas by piling straw and branches that reached out like fingers from the shoreline, covered them with rich bog muck, and planted these self-watering garden beds, called chinampas, with food and wildlife plants."

＊英語の部分とは内容が多少違います。
翻訳が進まないので手を抜く事にしました。

チナンパとは（ウィキペディアより）
「チナンパ（農法）は、沼地の表面の厚い水草層を切り取り、敷物のように積み重ねてつくった浮島の上に湖底の泥を盛り上げて作った湖上の畑のようなものを利用する収量の大きい農法である。アステカ時代のテノチティトランの周囲で行われていたことでも知られる。現在でもメキシコ・シティ南方のショチミルコに残っている。チナンパ農法は、たえず灌漑されると同時に、多くの養分を含んだ泥で栽培するので集約的に高い収穫を得ることができたし、あらゆる種類の作物を栽培することができた。」

I'm not quite sure what defines a chinampa, but I've read quite a few definitions stating that they are essentially constructed agricultural fields or islands on a body of freshwater (e.g. lake), originating in Xochimilco, Mexico with credit given to the Aztecs. They are by design sub-irrigated, highly productive, and benefit from a microclimate that increases frost protection. "The word chinampa comes from the Nauhatle words chinamitl (reed basket) and pan (upon), a good description of their building methods (Werner 1992)" (*).

http://www.kikori.org/world/mexico/index.htmより
「アステカ時代の浮き畑で、現在も続いている農法。Ｃｈｉｎａｎｐａと書きます。
焼畑によるトウモロコシ栽培だけでは、都市の人口を養いきれなくなり、その生産 方法を常畑による持続ある農業生産に切り替えるため、メキシコシティー他、多くの浅い湖で行われた農法です。

湖を埋め立てるのではなく、水上で枝や草の上に土を乗せて、農業を行うのです。

基本的 に、施肥は行わず、地力が落ちると、湖の底にある土を運ぶという行為を絶えず行い、持続する農法で、現在は、花卉類や野菜を生産しているんです。

湖とチナンパとの境に樹木を植えており、木の根が堤防の代わりを担っている。メキシコシティー郊外のソチミルコにおけるチナンパは、世界遺産に登録されており、都市近郊の行楽の地としての場として提供されている。」


From Aztec-History.com:
"To build the chinampas, plots about 30m by 2.5m were staked out on the lake bed. A fence was woven between the stakes, and the area would be filled in with mud and vegetation. The next rectangle would be parallel to this one, with room for a canal in between, where canoes could pass through. These canals of course offered irrigation, and provided food of their own such as fish and water fowl. Often willows would be planted along the edge of the plot, to provide further stable fencing as well as shade (though they would be carefully pruned to allow enough sunlight into the farm plot).

In the end, the garden plot would be no more than a few feet above the level of the lake. They were supported with the Aztec's complex irrigation and waterway systems, which included dams, aqueducts and gates. "

地下潅漑（サブ・イレゲーション）システムなので水やりの必要がなく、池の水により温和なミクロ気候が保たれ作物が霜から守られるそうです。畝はだいたい幅2.5m長さ30m（水面からの）高さ数十センチで、各チナンパの間にはカヌーが通れるだけのスペースが空いていると読みました。畝が池の中に溶けていかない様に、大抵は柳が畝の周囲に植えられているらしいです。


Back to the Permaculture Design Course........
We started by watching an old VHS on chimapas (culture and history). Then we assembled our tools and marched gloriously into the leech-free marsh.....what leeches?
パーマカルチャー・デザイン・コースではまずチナンパの文化と歴史を探るビデオを見てから、道具を集め、みんなで沼に向かいました。

Fearless kids and adults entering the marsh from a developed
chinampa peninsula.
子供も大人もヒルを恐れず沼に突入！

The work begins!
作業の始まり！

The spirited permies collect pond muck by cutting chunks of the marsh floor with shovels and pile them on to boats to transport onto a nearby young chinampa island. Some collect the muck directly on their tool handles.
受講者の皆さんはせっせと泥や水草を集めてカヌーに乗せ、比較的新しいチナンパ島に輸送していきました。シャベルのハンドルで水草を運ぶ人もいました。

Industry, the future of modern permaculture.
Those on the island distribute the pond muck to increase land mass.
Perennial plantings help hold the chinampa together and accelerate the evolution of organismic activity.
やる気満々のパーミィー達。島の上の人達は泥や水草を島の上に広げ、チナンパの質量を増やします。島の周囲に植えられた多年草の根が、泥や有機物を沼の中に消えていかないよう編み込みます。また、多年草（柳やクランベリーなど）があらゆる動物に宿と餌を与え、島の進化を促進させます。鳥の糞から発芽する植物も現れてきます。

Spy shot of the notorious chinampero-killah Don Samuel. Chinampa waters can be dangerous as there are kama-wielding thugs that chinamperos must defend against.
沼の悪役ドン・サムエル。
中米の盗賊みたいな感じがしますね。

The battle begins.
Dave and Michael to the right hurl mud-splattering muck balls as the island chinamperos organize their defense.
そして、最後には水草投げ合戦。右の二人はおもいっきり投げている感じがしますね。

A half-assed pond muck chuck. This is the way mainland, island, and aquatic chinamperos resolve their differences. There is no discrimination in the world of chinamperos. Women, children, and all creatures are encouraged to work on chinampas and become targets of the great splattering.
子供も女性も水草投げに参戦。誰が見方で誰が敵か全然分からない中、みんな夢中で水草を集めて投げていました。

More to come.....
続く。。。

References
-(*): Pacific Lutheran University (http://www.plu.edu/~mayac/what-is/home.html)
-Aztec-History.com (http://www.aztec-history.com/aztec-farming.html)
-Gaia's Garden by Toby Hemenway (2nd Ed., 2009)
-The top two illustrations are from the internet and I think at least the first one is from the book Chinampas: Their Role in Aztec Empire - Building and Expansion

BONUS:)
Take a Virtual field trip into the original chinampas in Mexico, http://www.chinampas.info/
ソチミルコのオリジナル・チナンパバーチャルツアー。お勧め！

Fruit Break:)

Ripe Shiro ("white" in Japanese) Plum and second flush of raspberries

甘さたっぷりのみずみずしい白プラムとラズベリーの茂み

Desert King Fig, with a deep pinkish purple sugar jam inside, and Nico posing with her breakfast on Waffle wednesday. Cast iron waffles smothered with yogurt Tatton made from creamy local raw milk the night before, sprinkled with fresh blackberries and strawberries, and topped with an over-easy egg oozing with warm yolk. Yup, welcome to waffle wednesday.
デザート・キング（砂漠の王様）と言う名のイチジク。中は深いピンクと紫色の糖分たっぷりイチジクジャムが詰まっています。右はワッフル水曜日を味わう二コ：）直火にのせられる鋳鉄のワッフルメーカーで作ったほくほくワッフルに、前日テートンが作ったクリームたっぷりの生牛乳ヨーグルトとその日に収穫したブラックベリーとイチゴをトッピング。さらに、とろとろ半熟卵の冠。ワッフル水曜日にようこそ。


















The waffle wednesday setup. A decadent display of cut up peaches, apples, raspberries, blackberries, strawberries all picked in the morning, butter, maple syrup, and tahini. A breakfast that ends past noon. To the right is my favorite snack tomato, Sun Gold, burst of sweet golden goodness.
ワッフル水曜日の準備。その日の収穫：数種類の桃、林檎、ラズベリー、ブラックベリー、苺。そして定番のバター、メープルシロップ、タヒーニ。豪華絢爛。お昼過ぎに終わる朝ご飯祭り。隣の写真は、大好きなお菓子代わりの甘さ満点のプチトマト、サンゴールド。

A nice sunday potluck, sushi, summer rolls, watermelons, salad, and a bunch of other stuff. The basket of fruits is what Tatton and I harvested in the rain for breakfast. We made a simple coconut milk konji (soupy rice) with fresh fruit and hazelnuts.
日曜日の持ち寄りパーティー。ゆりこさんのすしに、夏巻き、すいか、サラダ、などなど。フルーツバスケットはテートンと一緒に雨の中、朝ご飯用に収穫した果物です。その日はシンプルにココナッツミルクのお粥に新鮮フルーツとローストしたヘーゼルナッツにしました。

勿論、全部手間のかからない無農薬の有機栽培です。
良いデザインの実。

Food is still what we do best.
食の道

The Energy Tour

Energy. So much of life is about energy.........from electricity, fossil fuels, heat, food, hybrid, to vibrations, Qi, exercise, ecstasy, good health, etc. Its one of those things that we use a lot of without really knowing what it is, where it comes from, and what happens to it.

What is energy for you?
How do you engage with "energy"?
When you design for energy, what are key considerations?

I like the approach taken by my Tai Chi teacher in England. As we flow through the movements he questioned us, "what can we do less of?" We would explore how we can use less energy to do the same moves. Similarly in tea ceremony practice, the movements are about beauty and efficiency with as little waste as possible. Then there is aikido where I learned about how to redirect violent energy toward a constructive compassionate direction. I think these are important lessons for me, as I bring awareness of my daily movements and how I design my physical environment.

Below are some pictures and simple explanations from the energy tour that Doug and Sam Bullock ran during the PDC. I did not include our solar showers and various PV systems in this entry. Enjoy:)

The energy tour started with our beloved solar (boom) cart. I think this was a previous Pc (permaculture) Design Course project to give participants a basic understanding of the home solar electrical system. Free energy is captured on the solar panels and flows through a charge controller, volts/amps meter, a car-battery that runs a car stereo and speakers. All you need to do is plug your mp3 player or computer and bump that music.

We use the boom cart when we work in the gardens, in the kitchen, in the Aloha lodge for dance parties and movie nights. We are hoping to make a smaller and lighter version.....what else can we stack onto a solar boom cart? Maybe a mini fridge with beers and ice-cream? Switch that into a tea-water boiler for the winter. And some moving laser lights for late-nite dance parties.

Next on the tour is the solar dehydrator made of an old fridge painted black with a home-made solar heat collector. Air is sucked into the solar heat collector through vents on the bottom, then heated in a box painted black with a sealed glass lid. The hot air continues to rise to the bottom of the fridge unit and moves up until it exits through the chimney. It is essential to have the solar heat collector to be lower than the dehydrator in this type of design. There is a lot of resources online for you.

Our greenhouse is an excellent space for examples of energy use. Heat is an essential element in a green house and winter is the challenge/design opportunity in the Pacific North West. The gravel on the floor of the greenhouse acts as thermal mass that will absorb heat when the sun is out and radiate heat as the greenhouse cools. For the winter, we move our kitchen back into the greenhouse, so we are able to generate heat from our bodies, propane stove, and on-demand water heater for the sink. The sauna annexed to the greenhouse and the rocket stove water heater Doug is standing next to (for heating shower water), both release quite a bit of heat into the greenhouse. We are also making dehydrator racks for the sauna, so in the Fall when we have abundance of produce and much desire for the sauna, we can sauna then with the excess heat dry food.

The rocket stove above consists of two cylinders with water between (aka water jacket). The black color helps to heat water when the sun is out too. The silver object to the top left of the rocket stove is a hot water tank (with silver bubble wrap insulation). Its critical to locate the hot water tank above the rocket stove for the thermosiphon to work effectively.

Here is a brief description of rocket stoves,
"a rocket stove achieves efficient combustion of the fuel at a high temperature by ensuring that there is a good air draft into the fire, controlled use of fuel, complete combustion of volatiles, and efficient use of the resultant heat. It has been used for cooking purposes in many third-world locales (notably Rwandan refugee camps) as well as for space and water heating." (wikipedia) See below for a cob rocket stove for cooking.


Here is a demonstration of a thermosiphon, "a method of passive heat exchange based on natural convection which circulates liquid without the necessity of a mechanical pump." (wikipedia). The sun heats the water inside the black pipe (not covered by the tarp) that then flows into the top of the water tank as cool water exits the bottom of the water tank and travels down the slope to heat and recirculate. This is the mechanism for our 3 passive solar heated showers, rocket stove water heater, and solar dehydrator.

Think about how much these simple systems can save you on energy bills, and more importantly our consumption of fossil fuels that keep us dependent on some of the worst human rights abusing democracy-subverting organizations of the world.....energy corporations. Particularly the 6 oil supermajors: ExxonMobil (US), Royal Dutch Shell (Netherlands/UK), BP (UK), Chevron Corp.(US), Total SA (France), ConocoPhillips (US).

Large-scale energy independence is not only an essential step to restoring our life support system (the ecosystem), it would also be a great leap for building true democracy in a political system that continues to be manipulated by financially and politically wealthy corporations.

Yeah, thermosiphoning passive solar water heaters for democracy!
.......anybody?

One of the books that heavily influenced my perspective and direction in life is "The Party's Over: Oil, War, and the Fate of Industrial Societies" by Richard Heinberg. He writes very simply but with extensive research on extremely pertinent issues related to energy and ecology. From understanding the basics of what energy is, what electricity is, what the laws of thermodynamics are and why they matter in our everyday life, to how our energy use and production has evolved through human history. I really enjoyed his brief exploration of Western history looking at the rise and fall of empires through the lens of energy. He also does a sobering examination of alternative energies in context of our modern society and industry attempts to maintain control through centralized systems. It makes so much sense that by consuming less energy we would solve so many problems that plague us today, but then again consuming substantially less in a consumer culture is a big leap for many.

Energy independence is a revolutionary act.

Here's a demo of how much electricity this set of PV panels are producing. There are several sets of PV systems on the homestead that either keep our water pumps going or run our electricity demanding appliances, power tools, and charge batteries . I might go more in depth of the PV systems later but my understanding right now is quite basic.

For anybody wanting a project to learn about PV systems, you might start with an all DC solar music unit.

BONUS: a few more energy related technologies we use.

Cob rocket stove made from clay harvested from the site. Cob is basically a mix of clay, sand, straw, and water. We have 2 rockets stoves, a pizza/bread oven, and a bath shell made of cob on-site. Rocket stoves are easy to make, materials are cheap or free, you can use small-diameter fuel (e.g. twigs and wood scraps), and it produces efficient concentrated heat. There are lots of variations of this and its up to your imagination what you can do. For example, http://small-scale.net/yearofmud/2009/04/27/building-a-rocket-stove-part-2-cob-bed-and-bench/

The hay (Yeah!) box. This is an amazing technology that can be easily made. Its basically an insulated box that utilizes the heat of the food that is being cooked to continue the cooking process. Like grains and beans. Just bring to a boil and throw it in the box overnight and if you did it right, you will have hot cooked food by morning. We also make yogurt in the hay box.

This one looks like a plywood shell, a cardboard inner box, with random pieces of wool stuffed in between. The lid (top left) is heavy and is probably insulated in a similar fashion. We stuff an old wool sweater around the pot or yogurt jars and put a cotton cushion on top before closing the lid. The more insulation the longer the heat will be retained. As an added bonus, pressure cookers can also save energy by cooking food much faster.

More about energy in the future. On a final note for today, it is important to be aware of embodied energy, the energy consumed to produce, transport the product, and the energy costs to retire them. Basically accounting for energy needed for the entire life cycle of a product.

E=MC2

update announcement

I edited a few parts of the Greywater system entry and added more resources. http://livingpermaculture.blogspot.com/2010/07/kitchen-gray-water-system.html

Present Moment interlude

I saw this at Deer Park Monastery when I went for a quick visit with my parents last week. What a great poster! Special thanks to Phap Dung (the Abbot in the middle of the picture) for all your support and Ron Forster for making this poster.

PDC Week 3 in pictures

A little taste of PDC week 3 (part 1)

Outdoor class on pests and diseases (I think). An attempt to get out of the Aloha Lodge for the final remaining lectures. The challenge: how do you create an effective learning environment for 40+ people with limited time for 3 weeks on a homestead? How effective is the "lecture" format for teaching permaculture (Pc) to this generation of people? I remember the Bullocks talking about Bill Mollison's course they took in the Bay area, and how it was pretty much Bill non-stop talking, drinking tea, and smoking in a hot room in the summer.

Useful and medicinal plant walk with guest teacher Rhonda from La Campesina Project on the island. She is an energetic character full of enthusiasm and knowledge of edibles and medicinals. Look at all those studious permies!

Medicine making with freshly harvested plants.......delightful.
A display of books on herbal goodness and freshly made salves for everyone to take home and apply. Yes folks, we apply our permaculture!
This is an education-interest breakout session organized and facilitated by course participants. We started with a systems-thinking activity where everyone chooses 2 people they will try to stay equidistant to while observing how we (the system) all move as time progresses. Very interesting activity with an opportunity to get our bodies moving with our minds. We then experimented with Open Space meeting format to discuss how Pc principles can be applied to education. Other concurrent sessions included, bee-keeping and measuring the landscape.

Although finding time is challenging, I think it is invaluable to allow for course-participants to have a space to explore certain topics of interest. For one, some topics are not covered in the schedule, and two, we are all experts on some topic. We just need a safe space to practice sharing our expertise with others. Allowing "students" to teach also creates an opportunity to break the traditional student-teacher relationship. After all, we are all teachers and students.

Here is another example of course-participants with expertise leading a session. Natural builders Chris and Sid talked about natural building, codes and regulations, and a short introduction to Mud Girls (natural building collective of women for the People). Their website is http://www.mudgirls.ca/ And as a fan and previous owner of dreads, I must say dread-headed natural builders keep Pc funky fresh.

On the topic of cool creative organizations with women's empowerment as a key focus, there is another organization that I have been deeply impressed by. The Beehive Collective. I think in one of their presentations I heard that they started out as a women's mosaic collective. Now they do extensively well-researched socio-political-cultural commentaries through the use of intricate graphic posters and education workshops. They are mind-blowing! Anyways, hopefully I'll write more about them in the future but check their website out http://www.beehivecollective.org/english/front.htm (especially the mosaics and the graphics), after you enjoy the beautiful slide-show of the Mud Girls. And if you live near Vancouver Island, then you might be interested in the Mud Girls' child, mother, and male friendly affordable natural building workshops.

One of my favorite activities, the Village Building Exercise. How would you design your plot of land? This is a fun activity to apply Pc on a 3-D medium. Small groups are allocated with plots defined by the strings, and all natural conditions true to Orcas island apply to the model. Like orientation, wind, sun, etc.
Sid trying to organize the frenzy of developers for some communal designing of the island. I remember Tom from El Centro Verde in Costa Rica saying something like at heart permies are basically developers. Maybe he said Bill Mollison said that. Anyways, its interesting to see some industriously designing and transforming their land while others attempt to approach this more on a island-wide community project. Its a good lesson for real life. Do we all need our own independent power generators,
Developers hard at work.
At the end of the session each group explained their design and the considerations that lead them through the transformation. Many groups worked collaboratively with their neighbors, and a few removed the strings delineating the boundaries. We had an incident where James started a mining operation on a piece of land with no Pc developers. He was voted off the island, but returned to build a temple for all to come and worship an esoteric Deity. Perhaps a silly incident but in reality you might have miners buy land next to you or interesting neighbors (cults, hippies, pot growers, mafia, meth house, gun enthusiasts, etc). How do you design these elements in? How do you engage with these people? So many variables.

I just realized that the activity is called VILLAGE building exercise. Duh! That is really key, and requires some thought into what constitutes a village and how to organize it. Special thanks to all those who tried to organize the island. We need a lot more community-builders in the world.

Here's James building his temple after his mining operation.

PDC Design Project

日本語の翻訳はちんたらと進んでいます。特に、日本語で説明してほしい部分がありましたら、メールかコメントでお知らせください。

Hi everybody! Well its been a longer hiatus than i would have liked but I'm back. Lets see how well I can organize the several hundred pictures and stories since my last entry.....ahhhhhhhhh. Breathing in, breathing out. Present moment, wonderful moment (I just got back from my other favorite community, Deer Park Monastery in Escondido, CA). Anyways, lets get the party started with Design Projects from the PDC.

お待たせしました！やっと手首が使える状態になって時間も見つかった所です。写真と書きたいエントリーがありすぎて困っています。深呼吸をして今ここに到着（大好きな禅の僧院から帰って来たばかり）。引き続きこの間に行われたパーマカルチャー・デザイン・コースについてのエントリーを書いていこうと思います。では、早速本題へ。

DESIGN PROJECT　デザインプロジェクト
We were divided in groups of about 5~6 people to go through the Pc (permaculture) design process and present to the whole group on the last day of the course. With limited time and increasing stress (for some), the key to this project is designing good group processes. Its important to remember that 1. we need to be able to work together to make the world a better place 2. the design project is an activity for learning, not to rush-produce the perfect product. Good PROCESS usually leads to exquisite outcomes.
受講生（４０人）は５〜６人のグループに分けられてデザインプロジェクトに取りかかりました。最終日のプレゼンに備えるため、講習のない限られた時間がプロジェクトタイムになったのです。いくつかの講習を欠席して睡眠も減らしてまで必死にがんばった受講生もいました。時間が限られている状況のなかで数人で作業をする場合、欠かせないものはグループのデザインから始める事です。社会の向上に勤めるためには、上手に他の人と接して作業する技術が必要だと思います。社会の土台は人間関係です。そのような理解も合って、今年も僕の大好きなトピック「グループワーク：効果的なミーティング法」のワークショップをさせていただきました。楽しく効果的に色々な人とプロジェクトに取り組むと、自然に素敵な結果にたどり着くと思います。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

0. Group Process　グループのデザイン
First step of the design project is to design the group! Setting up social infrastructure and teaching each other tools for effective interactions/good relations. Breathing, checking in, and establishing effective community practices (aka ground rules) are a wonderful way to start. We did an intro to effective meetings in preparation for this design project. Mostly inspired by my work with the Education for Sustainable Living Program at UCSC (mad props!).

1. Meet the Land, Meet the Client (Observation)　土地とクライエントを理解する
After an initial meeting with our group members, we were assigned a piece of land that we would work with. One of the most important practices that Pc emphasizes is OBSERVATION. Its easy to get sucked into designing and imposing our ideas onto things, but observing what exists and doesn't exist is essential for good design. Most groups walked their land and took notes of key features and inspirations.

Then we met with our clients. They were anybody from a married man wanting to entice his wife to a simple life in a food forest to a wealthy eccentric New York dancer's vacation home. Our client was a former oil-rig worker with 3 wives and unknown number of kids who wanted to make primitive weapons and natural poisons for hunting. It was a challenging exercise to ask essential questions without asking the client design questions, e.g. :"do you want the house here or there", "do you want a wind generator?"

This second step of this design process is ASSESSING NEEDS AND RESOURCES. What assets and limitations are we working with. For instance, sacred sites, access, hydrology, wind, fire, sun, flora, fauna, erosion, soil type, existing structures, neighbors, natural disasters, history of the land, etc. All essential information will then be compiled into a basemap. The notes from the client interview are also compiled into a document.

2. Create a Vision and set objectives　ビジョンと目標の作成
Based on the needs, resources, and client what are we trying to create. What are specific themes that we will incorporate into the design. This helps to guide the design process.
クライエントのニーズと手持ちの資源（お金、機械、労働、植物、水、エネルギーなど）を考慮して、何を作るのか？そのイメージを言葉にします。そして、デザインに取り入れるあらゆるテーマ／目標を分かりやすく文章にします。これがデザインの進む方向案内の道具となるのです。

3. Conceptual Design　コンセプトデザイン
How do different elements relate to each other? How will energy/water flow through the design? What are the needs and functions of chickens? An exploration of systems design. Tools we can use are random assembly, flow diagrams, needs/yields analysis, etc.
想像力とシステム思考のアドベンチャー。デザインのあらゆる要素はどのような関係をもつのか？例えば、台所とガーデンと出入り口と鶏小屋と生活排水にはどのような相互関係があるのか？デザインの中でエネルギーや水はどのように流れるのか？鶏のニーズと機能とは？便利な道具：ランダム・アセンブリー無原則に二つ以上の要素を組み合わせてどのように成り立つか、どのような利点があるのか考えるてみる遊び／練習（例、「貯水タンク」「の上に」「寝室」）。フローチャート：あらゆる要素の相互関係を図にしたもの。ニーズとイールド分析（例、鶏のニーズは：水、小屋、食料、仲間、動き回れる場所、温もり、など。収穫/機能：卵、遊び仲間、鶏トラクター、窒素が豊富な糞、羽、肉、鳴き声、虫やナメクジを食べる、など）。

4. Master Planning　マスタープラン
From our handout, "Place the elements of these Systems in a 'functional matrix' -- create beneficial connections between elements within each system, and connections between the larger systems" utilizing Pc design principles. (Bullock's PDC 2010). The product that comes out of this process is the Master plan which shows a visual depiction of the design to scale. Having a good basemap really helps for creating the master plan. Beautiful pictures will follow.

5. Implementation　実行プラン
Logistics and stuff. Budget, phased implementation, sources for labor and materials, feedback loops to assess and adjust systems. In terms of our project we were expected to have a phased implementation plan, what do we need to set up first (e.g. water systems, living space (temporary?), electricity), then the following year (or as funds/time allows) what do we add/adjust, etc.

The assignment included a base map, vision statement and objectives, master plan, phased implementation, final presentation (every member was expected to present), and details (each member worked on a specific detail such as budget, water system, planting scheme, etc.).

Alright, so for everybody's favorite part......PICTURES!!!!

Working on needs/yields analysis of elements
各要素のニーズと収穫分析

imagine a school where all students are engaged like this!
熱心に取り組む受講者達。

the discussion

ディスカッション

greenhouse work party!
3 groups sharing space with the tomatoes late into the night.
温室でトマトと夜中のワークパーティー！

the office
夜中のオフィス

and now for the final presentations........
そして最終日のプレゼンテーション

describing the needs/yields flowchart analysis
ニーズと収穫フローチャート分析の説明

look at all those illustrations!
発表のためにみんなが手がけた多数のイラスト！

this group made a book for their presentation
このグループは大きな本を作りました

techno permies with their fancy graphics and software
its a new era
テクノ・パーミーのハイテクなプレゼン

awaiting questions and feedback
発表の後の質問とフィードバックタイム

group picture with the client
their "love trap" captured John's heart.
「ラブ・トラップ」に心を打たれたクライエントと記念写真。

and here are a few close-ups of the graphics
みんなの手がけたデザインやその他のグラフィック
CLICK to enlarge.
クリックで拡大します。

Hydrology overlay on top of the basemap. Colors represent different soil types.
ベースマップに上乗せした雨水の流れ図。色はあらゆる土の性質を表しています。

A beautiful base map.
上手に描かれたベースマップ。

Look at how many maps there are!
凄い量のマップ！
Image for a shipping container house with a courtyard, and a cross section for plantings on a slope.
中庭を囲う輸送用のコンテナを主材とした家のイメージ図と、植物植え付けプランの断面図
The Master Plan
マスタープラン
Beautiful!

イラストにこる受講者達

and not to forget the true stars of this project....
しかし、本当のスター達は。。。。
Meet the Clients! From the left, Lily, Lavender Seabreeze (channeling Sai Baba), Jimmyboy Jenkins (3 wives & unknown number of kids), John Valentine, Dave?, and the wealthy dancer Elton from NYC.
今年のクライエント達！まじめなクライエントからエキセントリックな人達まで、二年目の研修生と先生方が演出してくれました。